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T. TERRELL.

' BICYCLE BRAKE. No. 600,459. Patented Mar. 8,1898.

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BICYCLE BRAKE.

No. 600,459. Patented Mar. 8,1898.

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BICYCLE BRAKE.

No. 600,459. Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

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lhvrrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS TERRELL, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

BICYCLE-BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 600,459, dated March 8, 1898. Application filed November 29, 1895. Serial No. 570,456. (No model.) Patented in England October 29,1895,No. 20,386-

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS TERRELL, gentleman, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at 15 St. Petersburg Place, Bayswater Road, London, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Brakes for Pneumatic-Tired lVheels, of which the following is a specification, and for which I have obtained Letters Patent of Great Britain, dated the 29th day of October, 1895, and nu mbered 20,336. i

This invention has relation to brakes to be used in connection with the pneumatic-tired wheels of cycles and common road-vehicles, and has for one of its objects a more efficient brake, and for another object the prevention of injury to the tire; and it consists in employing as a retarding medium a pliant or flexible apron, strip, or band of leather or fabric mounted upon the spring-arms of a frame arranged to circumferentially follow and envelop, when in operation, but normally (and when out of use) to stand away from the periphery of a tire.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a safety-bicycle provided with a brake constructed and arranged in accordance with my improvements. Fig. 2 represents the fore part of the bicycle upon an enlarged scale. Fig. 3 represents the rear portion of the machine, showing a part of the brake, which consists, essentially, of an inner end-supported spring metallic frame with the freeended spring-arms secured Within the opposite edges of a brake band or apron made of any suitable material, such as leather or canvas, and adapted, when brought down upon the tire, to first only touch the extreme outer circumference of the same and then as the pressure increases for its opposite edges to gradually fall from the said center to the sides and thus invest or envelop the tire periphery to a greater or less degree, proportional to the said pressure applied. Fig. 4 represents a top side plan of a portion of the handle-bars, showing the position of the brake-lever. Fig. 5 represents a back elevation of Fig. 3, showing the apron of the brake in section and how the bifurcated lower end of the brake-rod is made to span the apron and is connected to the two opposite sides or spring-arms of the same, so that when the said sides are depressed or descend to a lower plane than the extreme outer circumference of the tire the brake fore part, whose normal breadth is greater than the inner part, is gathered in laterally and made to fall to and invest the tires periphery. 1 Fig. 6 represents a top side plan of the brake, with one side of the same in section, thus showing one of the springarms of the frame which carries the apron. Fig. 7 represents a side elevation of Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 represents a like view as Fig. 7, but with the brake brought slightly down and with the tipof its free end just touching the periphery of the tire and the other part. Fig. 9 represents the brake invest-ing or envelop ing the tire to its fullest extent. Fig. 10 represents a cross-section upon the dotted line 00, Fig. 7, with some of the parts removed; and Fig. 11 is a section upon the dotted line m, Fig. 9. Fig. 12 represents a section of Fig. 2 upon the dotted line ar showing the clip for connecting part of the fluid-conducting pipe to the framing member. Fig. 13 represents a modified form of bifurcatedbracket. Fig. 14 represents my brake operated by an ordinary brake-rod and applied to the front wheel of a bicycle; and Fig. 15 represents, upon a larger scale, the connection between brake-lever and sides of the brake.

In Figs. 1 to 12, a is the brake, consisting of a strip or apron of leather or other flexible material a, circumferentially following the contour of the outer periphery of the tire I) and supported or carried at its outer edges by arms or spring-arms a connected together by a cross end a hinged to side brackets a affixed by clips or otherwise to the back forks c of the general framing c of the machine. The outer and free end a of the spring-framing is much broader than the inner end a,

' ner end of the rod d terminates in a pumpbucket piston 61*, made up of a cup-leather 61 having located within its cup an expanding rubber Washer 01 expanded by the turning of a screw d coming upon'the top of a metal washer 01 By such an arrangement the piston is made at all times to truly fit the inside of the barrel. Located within thesaid cylinder e and coming at the back of the piston and surrounding the piston-rod is a counterbalancing-spring g.

The conducting-pipe runs along the top tube of the framing and is secured thereto by clips h, having rubber linings for preventing the contact of metal to metal, while the fore end of the said pipe is fitted with a fiexible connection f to admit of the steeringpost *6 turning within the socket or head i of the machine. This flexible-connection pipe f is secured to the tail end j of the nozzle of a forcing barrel or cylinder I a, trunnionmounted at k to a bracket 1" on the post '5 and having working within it a pump-bucket or other piston 'm, connected with and terminating a piston-rod m, which works through the end cap k and has its upper end connected to the boss or junction n of the brake-lever n, which is pivoted at n to a bracket n carried by the handle-bars n surrounding the steering-post 1'. By drawing the handle a upward the piston is depressed, the cylinder is slightly rocked, and the water or other fluid substance 0 coming below the said piston within the said cylinder 70 is forced outwardly through the nozzle 70 and rearwardly through the connection f and pipe f, from which it enters the barrel or cylinder 6 above the piston 01''", and through the pressure exerted by the displaced fluid the piston d is forced down the cylinder 6 in opposition to the force of the spring g, carrying with it the brake-rod d, which, through the arched bar or yoke 01, forces the two divergent springarms a with the brake-apron a, in a downward direction and causes contact between the brake-apron and tire, first at the tip or outer extremity and then practically throughout thearea of the brake-apron, until the tire is partially wrapped by the brake-apron, as will be understood by reference toFig. 9. On

hand-pressure on the brake-lever being re- 1 lieved the coun'terbalancing-spring now expends its pent-up energy created by its for- I mer compression in returning the whole of. the parts to their normal positions, while the 1 brake-frame is taken from contact with the wheel partly by the retrograde movement of the piston-rod.

In Fig. 13, which represents a modified form of the bifurcated bracket bridging and carrying the brake and located at the lower end of the brake-rod, d is the arched bar or yoke, made from spring metal, carrying at its free ends the enveloping brake a, while it is jointedly connected to the brake-rod d bya link d of sheet-steel or of spring metal the tire is more efficiently invested by the brake.

In Figs. 14 and 15, which represent my investing or enveloping brake operated by an ordinary brake-rod and applied to the front wheel of a bicycle, c is a part bicycle-frame; 01. the handle-bar; b, the front wheel; at, the brake-lever; n, the brake-rod, to the lower end 01 of which the enveloping brake a, which is fulcrumed and supported at c by brackets a connected to the fork c, is jointedly orslidingly connected, so as to admit of the angular movement of the brake when its operating-rod moves vertically. n is the spring for returning the brake and its lever to their normal positions.

It will be seen that in the practical operation of my improved brake the arms at each side of the piece of leather or other pliant material will be under longitudinal tension and that the leather or pliant material will be under transverse tension.

Having fully described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is- 1. The combination with a wheel-tire, of a flexible brake-apron extending circumferentially of the tire and following the contour thereof, a pair of laterally elastic or yielding spring-arms secured respectively to the curved, longitudinal edges of the flexible brake-apron to normally hold it extended or stretched laterally and adapted when depressed to embrace the tire, a bracket to which the spring-arms are hinged at one end, and means for swinging the spring-arms on their hinged ends as a center, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a wheel-tire, of flexible brake-apron extending circumferentially of the tire and following the contour thereof, two laterally elastic or yielding springarms secured respectively to the curved, longitudinal edges of the flexible brake-apron to normally hold it extended or stretched laterally and connected at one end by a cross-piece, a bracket in which the said cross-piece of the spring-arms is mounted, and means for moving the spring-arms in the arc of a circle to and from the wheel-tire, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a wheel-tire, of a flexible brake-apron which increases in width from one end portion to the opposite end portion and extends circumferentially of the tire and follows the contour thereof, two laterally elastic or yielding spring-arms hinged at one end, diverging from such hinged end and secured to the'curved, longitudinal edges of the said brake-apron to normally. hold the latter extended or stretched laterally, and means for swinging the divergent spring-arms in the are By making the said bifurcated bracket of a circle on their hinged end as a center, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a wheel-tire, of a erating the brake-rod to move the brake-apron to and from the wheel-tire, substantially as described.

5. In enveloping brakes for pneumatic-tired wheels, the combination with a pliant strip of enveloping material, broader at its outer end than at its inner one, of spring-arms connected 20 to its opposite edges and normally holding said pliant strip extended or stretched laterally, substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated.

6. A brake for a wheel consisting of a piece of leather or other pliant material attached to arms at each side and so arranged that when the brake is applied the arms shall be under longitudinal tension and the leather or pliant material shall be under transverse tension.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

[L. s.] i

THOMAS TERRELL.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM PETER RYLANns, JOSEPH HUME. HUME-ROTBERY. 

